Orbitals
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Additional Worked Out Examples/ Practice
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Relating Properties to Composition: Predicting classification based on descriptive properties
Topic Summary & Highlights
and Help Videos
Core Concept
Definition: Orbitals are regions in space around the nucleus of an atom where there is a high probability of finding an electron.
Key Characteristics:
Each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.
Orbitals are described by quantum numbers, which determine their size, shape, orientation, and energy.
Practice Tips
Orbitals are regions where electrons are likely to be found, described by quantum numbers.
Different types of orbitals (s,p,d,fs, p, d, fs,p,d,f) have unique shapes and capacities.
Electron configurations and orbital filling rules explain the chemical behavior of elements.
Topic Overview Podcast
Topic Related Resources
Types of Orbitals
s-Orbitals:
Shape: Spherical.
Found in every energy level (n≥1).
Example: 1s,2s,3s
p-Orbitals:
Shape: Dumbbell-shaped.
Found in energy levels n≥2.
Orientation: Three orbitals (px,py,pz) are oriented along the x, y, and z axes.
d-Orbitals:
Shape: Cloverleaf-shaped or donut-dumbbell.
Found in energy levels n≥3.
Orientation: Five orbitals.
f-Orbitals:
Shape: Complex, multi-lobed.
Found in energy levels n≥4.
Orientation: Seven orbitals.
